8.15. types — Names for built-in types¶
源代码: Lib/types.py
This module defines names for some object types that are used by the standard
Python interpreter, but not for the types defined by various extension modules.
Also, it does not include some of the types that arise during processing such as
the listiterator type. It is safe to use from types import * — the
module does not export any names besides the ones listed here. New names
exported by future versions of this module will all end in Type.
Typical use is for functions that do different things depending on their
argument types, like the following:
from types import *
def delete(mylist, item):
if type(item) is IntType:
del mylist[item]
else:
mylist.remove(item)
Starting in Python 2.2, built-in factory functions such as int() and
str() are also names for the corresponding types. This is now the
preferred way to access the type instead of using the types module.
Accordingly, the example above should be written as follows:
def delete(mylist, item):
if isinstance(item, int):
del mylist[item]
else:
mylist.remove(item)
The module defines the following names:
types.NoneType¶
The type of None.
types.TypeType¶
The type of type objects (such as returned by type()); alias of the
built-in type.
types.BooleanType¶
The type of the bool values True and False; alias of the
built-in bool.
2.3 新版功能.
types.IntType¶
The type of integers (e.g. 1); alias of the built-in int.
types.LongType¶
The type of long integers (e.g. 1L); alias of the built-in long.
types.FloatType¶
The type of floating point numbers (e.g. 1.0); alias of the built-in
float.
types.ComplexType¶
The type of complex numbers (e.g. 1.0j). This is not defined if Python was
built without complex number support.
types.StringType¶
The type of character strings (e.g. 'Spam'); alias of the built-in
str.
types.UnicodeType¶
The type of Unicode character strings (e.g. u'Spam'). This is not defined
if Python was built without Unicode support. It’s an alias of the built-in
unicode.
types.TupleType¶
The type of tuples (e.g. (1, 2, 3, 'Spam')); alias of the built-in
tuple.
types.ListType¶
The type of lists (e.g. [0, 1, 2, 3]); alias of the built-in
list.
types.DictType¶
The type of dictionaries (e.g. {'Bacon': 1, 'Ham': 0}); alias of the
built-in dict.
types.DictionaryType¶
An alternate name for DictType.
types.FunctionType¶
types.LambdaType¶
The type of user-defined functions and functions created by lambda
expressions.
types.GeneratorType¶
The type of generator-iterator objects, produced by calling a
generator function.
2.2 新版功能.
types.CodeType¶
代码对象的类型，例如 compile() 的返回值。
types.ClassType¶
The type of user-defined old-style classes.
types.InstanceType¶
The type of instances of user-defined old-style classes.
types.MethodType¶
用户自定义类实例方法的类型。
types.UnboundMethodType¶
An alternate name for MethodType.
types.BuiltinFunctionType¶
types.BuiltinMethodType¶
内置函数例如 len() 或 sys.exit() 以及内置类方法的类型。 （这里所说的“内置”是指“以 C 语言编写”。）
types.ModuleType¶
The type of modules.
types.FileType¶
The type of open file objects such as sys.stdout; alias of the built-in
file.
types.XRangeType¶
The type of range objects returned by xrange(); alias of the built-in
xrange.
types.SliceType¶
The type of objects returned by slice(); alias of the built-in
slice.
types.EllipsisType¶
The type of Ellipsis.
types.TracebackType¶
The type of traceback objects such as found in sys.exc_traceback.
types.FrameType¶
帧对象的类型，例如 tb.tb_frame 中的对象，其中 tb 是一个回溯对象。
types.BufferType¶
The type of buffer objects created by the buffer() function.
types.DictProxyType¶
The type of dict proxies, such as TypeType.__dict__.
types.NotImplementedType¶
The type of NotImplemented
types.GetSetDescriptorType¶
使用 PyGetSetDef 在扩展模块中定义的对象的类型，例如 FrameType.f_locals 或 array.array.typecode。 此类型被用作对象属性的描述器；它的目的与 property 类型相同，但专门针对在扩展模块中定义的类。
2.5 新版功能.
types.MemberDescriptorType¶
使用 PyMemberDef 在扩展模块中定义的对象的类型，例如 datetime.timedelta.days。 此类型被用作使用标准转换函数的简单 C 数据成员的描述器；它的目的与 property 类型相同，但专门针对在扩展模块中定义的类。
在 Python 的其它实现中，此类型可能与 GetSetDescriptorType 完全相同。
2.5 新版功能.
types.StringTypes¶
A sequence containing StringType and UnicodeType used to facilitate
easier checking for any string object. Using this is more portable than using a
sequence of the two string types constructed elsewhere since it only contains
UnicodeType if it has been built in the running version of Python. For
example: isinstance(s, types.StringTypes).
2.2 新版功能.